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Carbon DioxideCarbon dioxide (CO2) is a type of gas that humans and other living beings exhale after inhaling oxygen. This process is called respiration. Trees and plants also engage in this proces at night, but during the day they engage in another process called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis plants inhale CO2 and exhale oxygen. Aquatic gardeners inject CO2 for the same purpose fishkeepers aerate the water, i.e. for the plants to breathe. This is easily achieved through a brew which produces this gas, that is then diffused into the water via an airstone. A more expensive but more serious alternative, is a system with a CO2 filled cylinder and regulator. Both of these systems require some diffuser that usually fits inside the tank, for diffusing the gas into the water. To keep CO2 in check monitors are available that can be stuck on to the glass at the inside of the tank or it can be worked out through the pH and water hardness by mathematical calculations for the expert hobbyists.
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